Having established the potential need for millions of bidirectional AC/DC power supplies to meet the estimated increase in EVs by 2030, the next stage is to ask if it is commercially viable to build them. system built in to the electric vehicles. Note that the bidirectional charging station does not need to be itself intelligent the necessary processing power is already incorporated into the A.I. But to do this requires a bidirectional charger/mains inverter to transfer the electrical power in both directions. As the majority of daytime journeys are less than 37km per da圓, it is not always necessary that the vehicle is fully charged or even remains so in between the daily journey times. If an EV is plugged into a charging station while the owner is at work, the EV can determine whether to continue recharging its battery or to release part of its stored charge back to the grid at peak times, thus adapting its state-of-charge depending on known or predicted usage patterns. Most vehicles spend more than 95% of their time parked 4. The key to a successful V2G system is the combination of bidirectional energy flow and artificial intelligence. Even if only 20% of that capacity is available at any one time, that still represents 140GW, or more capacity than 100 nuclear power stations. Within the next ten years, there is likely to be around 7 million electric vehicles in Germany alone, each with 20-100kWh of on-board battery capacity. One of the solutions to ensuring supply continuity is, of course, to use the combined electrical power stored in the batteries of electric vehicles (EV) to help balance out supply and demand in a so-called Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) system. Most countries have to rely on wind, solar or small-scale river hydroelectric power which are not always very reliable sources low river water levels in summer limit run-of-river power production and peak electrical demand often comes during windless days or at night. However, not every country has the advantages of a long coastline where nuclear power stations can be tucked away out of sight or convenient local snow-capped mountains and lakes. Renewable energy is now a hot topic in many countries: it is the fastest growing energy source in the United States, with a 100% growth rate from 2000 to 2018 1, the UK produced more power from zero-carbon energy than from fuel-based power stations for the first time last year, despite having more than 75% of the electrical power derived from fossil fuels less than a decade ago 2 and Austria, where Recom Power has its energy-neutral headquarters, is at the forefront of the European green energy project, with around 72% of its electricity needs coming from zero-carbon sources 3. Why the sudden interest in bi-directionality? One of the main reasons is electric vehicles, or more exactly, their battery packs, as a storage medium for renewable energy.
If you check the literature, prototype designs and evaluation boards for bidirectional power supplies are appearing everywhere.
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